✓ The faults of this engine were checked against sources (10/2026). Each item has at least two independent sources or an official recall or parts-maker technical note.
Oil pump drive hex shaft wears (balance-shaft engines)
usually 90,000–240,000 km · High risk
engine codes: BKP, BMP, BMR, BSS, BRT, BVH
Signs: Sudden oil pressure warning, often at high rpm, sometimes noise from the sump; turbo or whole engine can be destroyed
Fix: Stop the engine at once if the oil light comes on; on high-mileage cars inspect the hex shaft with the sump off and fit the revised balance shaft module or a repaired shaft
€650–1,800
Cracked cylinder head (16-valve engines)
usually 100,000–250,000 km · High risk
engine codes: AZV, BKD, BMN, BKP, BMR, BLB
Signs: Slowly falling coolant level, hard swollen coolant hoses, white smoke after a cold start, overheating
Fix: Pressure-test the cooling system and check for exhaust gas in the coolant; replace the cylinder head with a later revision
€1,000–2,500
Camshaft, injector rockers and hydraulic lifters wear
usually 120,000–250,000 km · Medium risk
Signs: Ticking or uneven running especially at idle, loss of power, metal particles in the oil
Fix: Inspect the cam lobes under the valve cover; replace camshaft, lifters and bearing shells as a set; always use oil to VW 505.01 (507.00 with DPF)
€600–1,300
Unit injector faults (solenoid coil; Siemens piezo versions)
usually 150,000–280,000 km · Medium risk
Signs: Misfire on one cylinder, rough running, smoke, loss of power, hard starting
Fix: Check injector coil resistance and the loom first; recondition or replace the faulty injector with new seals and bolt
€300–2,000
Turbo vanes (VNT) sticking from soot
usually 120,000–250,000 km · Medium risk
Signs: Uneven power, limp mode under load, overboost / underboost codes
Fix: Compare set and actual boost in live data; check the actuator and vacuum; clean the vanes or recondition the turbo
€200–1,200
EGR valve sooting
usually 100,000–200,000 km · Wear part
Signs: Loss of power, black smoke, EGR fault codes, limp mode
Fix: Check EGR function in live data; clean or replace the valve, and check the cooler
€150–600
Unit injector wiring loom / connectors under the valve cover
usually 150,000–300,000 km · Wear part
Signs: Intermittent misfire codes on single cylinders, rough running that comes and goes
Fix: Wiggle-test the loom and connectors with a continuity check; replace the injector loom
€150–450